east africa people

Da Gama's voyage was successful in reaching India, which permitted the Portuguese to trade with the Far East directly by sea. The Portuguese presence in the area officially began after 1505, when flagships under the command of Don Francisco de Almeida conquered Kilwa, an island located in what is now southern Tanzania. The interior of East Africa is more influenced by South Africa, and they have a Christian majority. Standing proud in the savannah with their red blankets and painted shields, the Maasai people have become one of the more widely known symbols of East Africa; the Maasai shield is even featured on Kenya’s national flag. Coffee, cut flowers, tea, tobacco, fish, and vegetables are the region's predominant exports. A stable and somewhat varied food supply led to population growth, and the people spread in two directions. The Maasai People of East Africa have a rich and unique culture worth learning. These dishes are generally accompanied by a meat dish and significant amounts of milk and butter. Annual rainfall here ranges from over 1,600 mm (63 in) on the western slopes to around 1,250 mm (49 in) at Addis Ababa and 550 mm (22 in) at Asmara. East Africa is a massive region, containing hundreds of countries and spanning as many as 19 territories. (1999). Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan are members of the East African Community (EAC). Western clothing is most commonly seen in the cities of East Africa, but traditional garb is still worn in rural regions. The cover of the report is based on a gen - eral design by Laetitia Yattien-Amiguet and Justin Kabasele of the Bank’s External Rela- The worst locust outbreak in generations has descended upon East Africa and the Horn of Africa. [29], According to both genetic and fossil evidence, it has been posited that archaic Homo sapiens evolved into anatomically modern humans in the Horn of Africa around 200,000 years ago and dispersed from there. The so-called Horn of Africa nations--Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia--are also generally considered part of East Africa. Some went south along Africa’s west coast, while others headed east across the continent in one of the greatest migrations in human history. Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somaliland, and the Red Sea coast of Sudan are considered the most likely location of the land known to the Ancient Egyptians as Punt. With these territories secured, Britain was able to serve as gatekeeper of the sea lane leading to British India. Because of a combination of the region's generally high altitude and the rain shadow of the westerly monsoon winds created by the Rwenzori Mountains and Ethiopian Highlands, East Africa is surprisingly cool and dry for its latitude. The coast of East Africa stretches 4,600km from southern Somalia to the Natal shores of South Africa. Arab governance of all the major ports along the Swahili coast continued until British interests aimed particularly at ending the slave trade and creation of a wage-labour system began to put pressure on Omani rule. The Malagasy people of Madagascar are Austronesian people and native African people, but those along the coast are generally mixed with Bantu, Arab, Indian and European origins. In March 1505, having received from Manuel I of Portugal the appointment of viceroy of the newly conquered territory in India, he set sail from Lisbon in command of a large and powerful fleet, and arrived in July at Quiloa (Kilwa), which yielded to him almost without a struggle. East Africa South Sudan’s Blue-House is an avenue of torture - report; East Africa Kenya, Tanzania and Rwanda rank top for rapid digital growth; Business Uganda refinery too costly - CPI; East Africa Burundi opposition to UN: You’ve deserted us; East Africa Uganda wants 14 YouTube channels closed over riots The core countries of focus for this region are Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, Somalia, DR … Djibouti, as well as the Puntland and Somaliland regions of Somalia, have also seen relative stability. We're sorry but the CV People app doesn't work properly without JavaScript enabled. Omani Arab colonization of the Kenyan and Tanzanian coasts brought the once independent city-states under closer foreign scrutiny and domination than was experienced during the Portuguese period. Chapter 8: "The Cinnamon Route". Aksum was at the time ruled by Zoskales, who also governed the port of Adulis. The climate of East Africa is rather atypical of equatorial regions. Historically, East Africa was known for the extensive trade networks that penetrated the region and linked together people of various backgrounds, reaching deep into the interior of Central Africa and eastward across ocean as far as India. Native religions are still widely practiced throughout East Africa as well, especially in the rural areas. The island nations of East Africa, such as Madagascar, do not speak Swahili, instead speaking their own native languages, such as Malagasy. This disaster comes at the worst possible time for countries like Somalia already facing the double emergency of food shortage and COVID-19. Unusually, most of the rain falls in two distinct wet seasons, one centred on April and the other in October or November. [37][38][39], In September 2019, scientists reported the computerized determination, based on 260 CT scans, of a virtual skull shape of the last common human ancestor to modern humans/H. The construction of Fort Jesus in Mombasa in 1593 was meant to solidify Portuguese hegemony in the region, but their influence was clipped by the British, Dutch and Omani Arab incursions into the Great Lakes region during the 17th century. 7 Days in Entebbe, The Last King of Scotland, Out of Africa, Queen of Katwe, The Constant Gardener, Hotel Rwanda and others are few critically acclaimed movies. At other places on his way, such as the island of Angediva, near Goa, and Cannanore, the Portuguese built forts, and adopted measures to secure the Portuguese supremacy. East Africa is an African region that houses several countries. XXXIV 1999, pp. Between the 19th and 20th century, East Africa became a theatre of competition between the major imperialistic European nations of the time. Without immediate action, 4.9 million people could face starvation this summer. The majority of East African citizens will have to wait till 2022 to access the Covid-19 vaccine as the available doses (specifically Biontech-Pfizer and the Moderna) have been pre-purchased by rich countries. East Africa Covid-19 kills 11 more in Kenya as cases reach 92,459; East Africa Somalia says it will cut diplomatic ties with Kenya; East Africa UNHCR praises Kenya’s decision to grant Shona people citizenship; East Africa Al-Shabaab displays Dusit attackers in video; East Africa Uganda polls: Generals seeking to unseat Museveni; East Africa The southern three-fourths of Somalia became an Italian protectorate (Italian Somaliland). Some of the earliest hominin skeletal remains have been found in the wider region, including fossils discovered in the Awash Valley of Ethiopia, as well as in the Koobi Fora in Kenya and Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania. Five million people in East Africa at risk of hunger from locusts. The British Empire set foot in the region's most exploitable and promising lands acquiring what is today Uganda, and Kenya. El Nino events tend to increase rainfall except in the northern and western parts of the Ethiopian and Eritrean highlands, where they produce drought and poor Nile floods. Portuguese naval vessels were very disruptive to the commerce of Portugal's enemies within the western Indian Ocean and were able to demand high tariffs on items transported through the sea due to their strategic control of ports and shipping lanes. Prevailing climatic conditions and the regions' geomorphology allowed the establishment of flourishing European style settlements like Nairobi, Vila Pery, Vila Junqueiro, Porto Amélia, Lourenço Marques and Entebbe. A stable and somewhat varied food supply led to population growth, and the people spread in two directions. Since the 1980s East Africa has produced a great deal of fusion music, incorporating elements from Western music to create mash-ups of traditional and modern. Clothes are brightly colored and consist of simple wraps, covering either only the lower body or both the lower body and upper body. East Africa: People seeking safety are trapped at borders due to COVID-19 measures 22 June 2020, 12:32 UTC A coalition of international, national, and refugee-led organizations in the Horn, East and Central Africa (HECA) have today called on governments in the … Azania Vol. [74], According to the CIA, as of 2017, the countries in the eastern Africa region have a total population of around 537.9 million inhabitants. The easternmost point of the continent, that is Ras Hafun in Somalia, is of archaeological, historical and economical importance. Eastern Africa had an estimated population of 260 million in 2000. Progress Scale. [23] Similarly, a positive Indian Ocean Dipole result in warm sea-surface temperatures off the coast of East Africa and lead to increased rainfall over East Africa. By this time, the Portuguese Empire had already lost its interest on the spice trade sea route due to the decreasing profitability of that business. The German Empire gained control of a large area named German East Africa, comprising present-day Rwanda, Burundi and the mainland part of Tanzania named Tanganyika. It is home to around 6.2% of the world’s population but over half (54%) of the total number of people living with HIV in the world (20.6 million people). By 1896, the war had become a total disaster for the Italians and Ethiopia was able to retain its independence. More than 1 million people in East Africa are affected by flooding after heavy rains, an aid group said Friday. During the period of the Scramble for Africa, almost every country in the larger region to varying degrees became part of a European colonial empire. Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mayotte, Mozambique, Comoros, Réunion, Seychelles, Zambia and Zimbabwe are also sometimes included in the East African designation. In 1895, from bases in Somalia and Eritrea, the Italians launched the First Italo–Ethiopian War against the Orthodox Empire of Ethiopia. According to the theory of the recent African origin of modern humans, the predominantly held belief among most archaeologists, East Africa is the area where anatomically modern humans first appeared. Benefits of the Rift valley to the people of East Africa By shamir. Agriculture itself began in the highlands of Ethiopia, with the domestication of the wild ass and teff. Portugal had first established a strong presence in southern Mozambique and the Indian Ocean since the 15th century, while during this period their possessions increasingly grew including parts from the present northern Mozambique country, up to Mombasa in present-day Kenya. The Protectorate of Uganda and the Colony of Kenya were located in a rich farmland area mostly appropriate for the cultivation of cash crops like coffee and tea, as well as for animal husbandry with products produced from cattle and goats, such as goat meat, beef and milk. Most Nilotic speakers in the area, including the Maasai, the Turkana and the Kalenjin, are pastoralists, and are famous for their fearsome reputations as warriors and cattle-rustlers. Yams, millet, sorghum, beans, corn and teff are all widely seen. [44] Lowland barriers and diseases carried by the tsetse fly, however, prevented the donkey and agriculture from spreading southwards. He studied linguistics and phonology at Goddard College. We hope to bring … Some parts of East Africa have been renowned for their concentrations of wild animals, such as the "big five": the elephant, buffalo, lion, black rhinoceros,[21] and leopard, though populations have been declining under increased stress in recent times, particularly those of the rhino and elephant. A fault is a break, crack or a fracture in the Earth crust produced by vertical and lateral movements within the earth’s crust. Wangari Maathai led a life full of struggle. The Omani Arabs posed the most direct challenge to Portuguese influence in the African Great Lakes region. The Maasai are an indigenous ethnic group in Africa of semi-nomadic people settled in Kenya and northern Tanzania. A new report from the International Organization for Migration (IOM) says the reason is largely due to one development: 1.3 million Ethiopians displaced by communal violence in 2019 went home. The French settled the largest island of the Indian Ocean (and the fourth-largest globally), Madagascar, along with a group of smaller islands nearby, namely Réunion and the Comoros. Following the Zanzibar Revolution of 1965, the independent state of Tanganyika formed the United Republic of Tanzania by creating a union between the mainland, and the island chain of Zanzibar. Casson, Lionel (1989). Current ranking of the richest men in Africa 2020. THE International Trade Centre (ITC) has called on East Africa’s young people to embrace e-commerce and tap into global online sales worth $26 million as the Africa Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) gets off the ground in 2021. In East Africa a slave trade was well established before the Europeans arrived on the scene. The major competing hypothesis is the multiregional origin of modern humans, which envisions a wave of Homo sapiens migrating earlier from Africa and interbreeding with local Homo erectus populations in multiple regions of the globe. Esther and Ezekiel gave the crowd and the judges goosebumps. It has official status in Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda. Meanwhile, in 1884, a narrow coastal strip of Somaliland came under British control (British Somaliland). The East African Community (EAC) is a regional intergovernmental organisation of 6 Partner States: the Republics of Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, the United Republic of Tanzania, and the Republic of Uganda, with its headquarters in Arusha, Tanzania. “Online marketplaces could drive inclusive growth across Africa, with e-commerce likely to create as many as 3 […] It was driven by the sultanates of the Middle East. Only in quite recent times has agriculture spread to the more humid regions south of the equator, through the spread of cattle, sheep and crops such as millet. Some went south along Africa’s west coast, while others headed east across the continent in one of the greatest migrations in human history. Ethiopia remained independent until 1936 when, after the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, it became part of Italian East Africa. Réunion. 1969. Today, Bantu peoples are found throughout much of southern and eastern Africa. Tanzania and Uganda fought the Uganda-Tanzania War in 1978–1979, which led to the removal of Uganda's despotic leader Idi Amin. Archaeological evidence indicates that the continent has been inhabited by humans and their forebears for some 4,000,000 years or more. South Sudanese independence was nearly derailed by the South Kordofan conflict, particularly a dispute over the status of the Abyei Area, and both Abyei and South Kordofan's Nuba Hills remain a source of tension between Juba and Khartoum. Language distributions suggest that this most likely occurred from Sudan into the African Great Lakes region, since the Nilotic languages spoken by these pre-Bantu farmers have their closest relatives in the middle Nile basin. The most widely-spoken language, by far, is Swahili, with more than 5 million native speakers, and millions more who speak it as a secondary trade language. fishermen in their dhow boat at the coast of zanzibar - east africa stock pictures, royalty-free photos & … Up until the 15th century, the cultures of Eastern Africa lived in relative isolation, building up kingdoms and empires, spreading agriculture and civilization throughout the region. Was the performance worth a Golden Buzzer? East and Southern Africa is the region hardest hit by HIV. Chami, F. A. Bananas and millet are common subsistence crops, and coffee is an important cash crop. Prayer Cards – Africa, North and Middle East Region. The East African Community (EAC) consists only of Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda; both Burundi and Rwanda are sometimes considered a part … Sunday 6 October 2002. East Africa or Eastern Africa is the eastern subregion of the African continent, variably defined by geography.In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 20 territories make up Eastern Africa:. Lionel Casson. The southern part of East Africa was occupied until recent times by Khoisan hunter-gatherers, whereas in the Ethiopian Highlands the donkey and such crop plants as teff allowed the beginning of agriculture around 7,000 B.C. [48] The Aksumite rulers facilitated trade by minting their own Aksumite currency. East Africa and the Horn comprise 11 states, 315m people, hundreds of ethnic groups, dozens of climatic zones, and various differentiated levels of human development, colonial history, modern political influences, and economic organization all covering nearly … The state also established its hegemony over the declining Kingdom of Kush and regularly entered the politics of the kingdoms on the Arabian peninsula, eventually extending its rule over the region with the conquest of the Himyarite Kingdom. Phone (+ 263) 08 677 008 177 (0) 242 336 356 / 8 (0) 242 336 251 / 9 (0) 242 336 262 / 7 (0) 242 334 377 / 9 (0) 242 334 381. Over 50 million people are in need of immediate food assistance in the Horn East and Central Africa, with numbers expected to rise significantly as the … In the 15th century, the Portuguese began exploring the coast of East Africa, seeking to seize control of the spice trade from the Muslim presence in the Middle East. Between the 14th and 15th centuries, large African Great Lakes kingdoms and states emerged, such as the Buganda[66] and Karagwe[66] kingdoms of Uganda and Tanzania. Nilotic languages, such as Luo, Kalenjin, Maasai and Nuer, are spoken in lesser numbers, primarily in the African Great Lakes and Nile Valley. History. [49] The Bantu expansion was a long series of physical migrations, a diffusion of language and knowledge out into and in from neighboring populations, and a creation of new societal groups involving inter-marriage among communities and small groups moving to communities and small groups moving to new areas. Swahili, with at least 80 million speakers as a first or second language, is an important trade language in the Great Lakes area. As much as these countries have in common, so, too, do they differ; in fact, even within a single nation there may be as many as a hundred different cultures, dozens of languages and very distinct views of their national identity. Africa is now widely recognized as the birthplace of the Hominidae, the taxonomic family to which modern humans belong. Madagascar became part of the French colonial empire following two military campaigns against the Kingdom of Madagascar, which it initiated after persuading Britain to relinquish its interests in the island in exchange for control of Zanzibar off the coast of Tanganyika, an important island hub of the spices trade. [36], East Africa is one of the earliest regions where Homo sapiens are believed to have lived. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc, Jacob E. Safra, Somaliland is not included in the United Nations geoscheme, as it is internationally, J. D. Fage, A history of Africa, Routledge, 2002, p.29, Daniel Don Nanjira, African Foreign Policy and Diplomacy: From Antiquity to the 21st Century, ABC-CLIO, 2010, p.114. The Portuguese were the first Europeans to explore the region of current-day Kenya, Tanzania, and Mozambique by sea. The system consists of two branches. In: The Spice Trade of the Roman Empire. Well-known for the “Green Belt Movement”, she has inspired many people the world over to take up the cause of afforestation. Among these countries, the trio of Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda are considered the leading giants. Mobile (+ 263) 0772 570 293 / 4 / 5 0772 152 811 / 2 / 3 0772 151 595 East Africa The UN subregion of East Africa consists of 20 countries in the eastern part of the continent. A later movement of Arabs into East and Central Africa occurred in the 19th century. East African mountains - East African mountains - The people: Population is confined to the lower slopes, with the upper limit of settlement at about 7,000 feet. Its small population of over 5 million people occupies 117,600 km 2.Eritrea's population is very small when compared to other African nations however there is great ethnic diversity. [47] It existed from approximately 100–940 AD, growing from the proto-Aksumite Iron Age period c. 4th century BC to achieve prominence by the 1st century AD. This Somaliland protectorate was just opposite the British colony of Aden on the Arabian Peninsula. THE International Trade Centre (ITC) has called on East Africa’s young people to embrace e-commerce and tap into global online sales worth $26 million as the Africa Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) gets off the ground in 2021. Intriguingly, the majority of these runners come from three mountainous districts beside the Rift Valley: Nandi in Kenya, the most successful district, and Arsi and Shewa in Ethiopia. It is located to the east … Most multiregionalists still view Africa as a major wellspring of human genetic diversity, but allow a much greater role for hybridization.[42][43]. In 1922, the region -- Unreached only Prayer Cards – Africa,,... 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